Direct Service Workforce
Partner: Indiana Family and Social Services Administration (FSSA)
Time Frame: January 2022 – June 2024
Supply, Demand, & Distribution
Medicaid
Policy Research & Tracking
Occupational Regulation
Special Issues
Data Collection & Information Management
Partner
About
The State of Indiana is currently in the process of reforming its long-term services and support (LTSS) delivery system. Current reform initiatives are focused on expansion of home and community-based services (HCBS). The LTSS workforce is foundational to this delivery system. Unfortunately, workforce shortages and other challenges have historically been reported to plague the LTSS sector, and such conductions have worsened since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
This is especially the case with direct service workers (DSWs). DSWs are paid frontline workers who provide hands-on care, services, and support to the elderly and individuals with disabilities across the long-term services and supports continuum, from home and community-based settings to skilled nursing facilities. In general, there are minimal barriers to entry for these roles as compared to other occupations in the health and human services sector; however, these roles typically have high physical demands and relatively low wage. Recruiting, training, and retaining DSWs is a strategic priority for the LTSS sector, and necessary for successful delivery of services.
As part of current reform initiatives, Indiana is seeking to develop an LTSS DSW Plan for the purpose of informing and aligning related policies and investments in a manner that encourages workforce recruitment and retention, ensures quality and safety of LTSS services, and supports the well-being of the workforce and the individuals they serve. Indiana is the first state in the nation to embark on a state-level Direct Service Workforce Strategic Plan, and the Bowen Center is honored to be partnering with the Family and Social Services Administration on this endeavor.
Deliverables
DSW Data Inventory
| Data Source Name | Geographic Level | Workforce Topics | Professions Included | Publisher/Manager | Location | Description | Data Elements Included | Definition of Professions | Accessibility |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| License and Supplemental Survey Data | State-Level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data, Education Data | Certified Nursing Assistant, Qualified Medication Aide, Home Health Aides | Bowen Center for Health Workforce Research and Policy | Indiana Health Professions Database | This source includes data collected from health professional during renewal of their license or certification. The survey used for collection of supplemental information is reviewed annually and approved for updates by the DSW Survey Data Advisory Group. | Race, Ethnicity, Sex, Qualifying Education, Location of Qualifying Education, Highest Education, Employment Status, Training Status, Employment Plans, Employment setting, Hours in patient care, hourly wage, benefits, services provided, populations served | QMA & CNA: IC 16-28-1-11 HHA: IC 16-27-1-7 | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates | State-Level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data | Certified Nursing Assistant, Home Health Aides, Personal Care Aides, Qualified Medication Aide | Bureau of Labor Statistics | https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_in.htm | This public source project employment estimates by profession, based on Standard Occupational Codes (SOC). Data are only available at the state level. | Total Employment, Employment per 1,000 jobs, Location Quotient, Mean hourly wage, Median hourly wage, Mean annual wage | CNA: 31-1131 Home Health and Personal Care Aides: 31-1120 Medical Assistants: 31-9092 | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| DWD 10-year Projections | State-Level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data | Certified Nursing Assistant | Indiana Department of Workforce Development | LighCast Labor Analytics | This source is provided upon request for profession-specific 10-year estimates and projections. Data are available by Indiana County and Indiana Economic Growth Region. | Current Employment, Projected Employment, Current Location Quotient, Projected Location Quotient, Projected Job Openings, Average Annual Job Openings, Estimated 10-year replacement jobs | CNA: 31-1131 Home Health and Personal Care Aides: 31-1120 Medical Assistants: 31-9092 | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| Healthcare Occupations | National level | Market and Wage Data | Home Health Aides, Personal Care Aides | Bureau of Labor Statistics | https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/home.htm#:~:text=The%20median%20annual%20wage%20for%20healthcare%20practitioners%20and,than%20the%20median%20annual%20wage%20for%20all%20occupations. | This source isa snippit of the occupational outlook handbook and provides an overview of average pay for a multitude of healthcare occupations. | Occupation, Job summary, Entry-level education, 2021 median pay | Home Helath and Personal Care Aides: 31-1120 | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| U.S. Home Care Workers | National level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data, Education Data | Personal Care Aides, Home Health Aides, Certifeid Nursing Assistant | PHI | https://www.phinational.org/resource/u-s-home-care-workers-key-facts-2018/ | This brief provides demographics, wagge, and employment trends about the U.S. Home Care Workforce | All for 2016- gender, age, race/ethnicity, citizenship, education, employment by occupation, employment by type of employer, employment status, poverty level, public assistance access, health insurance, job growth | Home care workers provide personal assistance and health care support to older adults and people with disabilities in their homes and in community-based settings across the United States. | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| Home Health and Personal Care Aides Summary | National level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data, Education Data | Home Health Aides, Personal Care Aides | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics | https://www.bls.gov/ooh/healthcare/home-health-aides-and-personal-care-aides.htm | This source provides quick facts on home health and personal care aides | Pay, education, work experience, job training, nuymber of jobs, job outlook, employment change | Home health and personal care aides monitor the condition of people with disabilities or chronic illnesses and help them with daily living activities. | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| Occupational Employment and Wages - Home Health and Personal Care Aides | National level | Workforce Data, Market Data, and Wage Data | Home Health Aides, Personal Care Aides | U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics | Home Health and Personal Care Aides (bls.gov) | This source provides national employment and geographic characteristics for Home Health and Personal Care Aides. | Employment, Wage, Industries with highest employment and wages, and Geographic distribution. | Home health and personal care aides monitor the condition of people with disabilities or chronic illnesses and help them with daily living activities. | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| Long-Term Services and Supports: Direct Care Worker Demand Projections 2015-2030 | National level | Workforce Data | Nursing Assistants, Home Health Aides, Personal Care Aides, Psychiatric Assistants/aides | HRSA | https://bhw.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/bureau-health-workforce/data-research/hrsa-ltts-direct-care-worker-report.pdf | This source focuses on supply and demand for direct health care workers | Health workforce simulation model, FTE demand | All known as Direct Care Workers(DCWs), nursing assistants, home health aides, personal care aides, psychiatric assistants/aides perform a variety of patient care duties and are critical to the delivery of health services across LTSS continuum, from institutional care to home and community-based settings. | Publicly Available in Aggregate |
| Home Health Aides | National level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data, Education Data | Home Health Aides | Data USA | https://datausa.io/profile/soc/home-health-aides | This source focuses on various statistics for home health aides in the year 2020. | Age, salary, diversity, employment, education, race/ethnicity | HHA provides care and support for older adults and other patients who need help completing certain daily functions. | Publicly Available |
| Average Qualified Medication Aide Hourly Pay | National level | Wage Data and Market Data | Qualified Medication Aide | PayScale | Qualified Medication Aide Hourly Pay in 2023 | PayScale | This source provides information regarding salary ranges for Qualified Medication Aides | Salary range and revelant job listings | QMA involves administering both prescription and non-prescription medications to patients and then monitoring their reactions, all under the supervision of a licensed nurse. | Publicly Available |
| Certified Nursing Assistant Demographics and Statistics in the US | National level | Workforce Data, Market and Wage Data, Education Data | Certified Nursing Assistant | ZIPPIA | Certified Nursing Assistant Demographics and Statistics [2023]: Number Of Certified Nursing Assistants In The US (zippia.com) | This source focuses on the CNAs demographics. | Gender, Income, Race, Age, Education, Employment, and Location Demographics | A certified nursing assistant or a CNA is an entry-level healthcare professional responsible for assisting with the providing of patient care. Under the supervision of a nurse, the nursing assistant helps patients turn over, cleans rooms and beds, bathes patients and helps with other personal hyegine tasks. A CNA is not to be confused with a nurse. However, they do have to go through a state-mandated exam to work as a CNA. Oftentimes, this position is just a stepping stone for nurses-in-training. | Publicly Available |